The following are the five major categories of defects in a reasoning process

• Straying( सव्यभिचार हेतु )
• Self-contradicting reason (विरुद्ध हेतु )
• Antithetical reason ( सत्प्रतिपक्ष हेतु )
• Unestablished reason ( असिद्ध हेतु )
• Contradictory reason ( बाधित हेतु )

If you have understood the above five defects in reasoning you can check the validity of any argument.

Now, here are some exercises to make yourself thorough in these concepts.

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